Um dos argumentos utilitaristas na defesa das religiões é o de promoverem o amor pelo próximo e a generosidade. Jean Decety, um neurologista da Universidade de Chicago, publicou recentemente na Current Biology o paper «The Negative Association between Religiousness and Children’s Altruism across the World», um estudo da relação entre religião e altruísmo cujos resultados contradizem essa premissa. Eis o resumo:
Highlights
• Family religious identification decreases children’s altruistic behaviors
• Religiousness predicts parent-reported child sensitivity to injustices and empathy
• Children from religious households are harsher in their punitive tendencies
Summary
Prosocial behaviors are ubiquitous across societies. They emerge early in ontogeny [ 1 ] and are shaped by interactions between genes and culture [ 2, 3 ]. Over the course of middle childhood, sharing approaches equality in distribution [ 4 ]. Since 5.8 billion humans, representing 84% of the worldwide population, identify as religious [ 5 ], religion is arguably one prevalent facet of culture that influences the development and expression of prosociality. While it is generally accepted that religion contours people’s moral judgments and prosocial behavior, the relation between religiosity and morality is a contentious one. Here, we assessed altruism and third-party evaluation of scenarios depicting interpersonal harm in 1,170 children aged between 5 and 12 years in six countries (Canada, China, Jordan, Turkey, USA, and South Africa), the religiousness of their household, and parent-reported child empathy and sensitivity to justice. Across all countries, parents in religious households reported that their children expressed more empathy and sensitivity for justice in everyday life than non-religious parents. However, religiousness was inversely predictive of children’s altruism and positively correlated with their punitive tendencies. Together these results reveal the similarity across countries in how religion negatively influences children’s altruism, challenging the view that religiosity facilitates prosocial behavior.
Quando a religião for ensinada como Lei, teremos os Fariseus.
ResponderEliminarSe os adultos cumpriam as regras da Lei, sem fazer nem bem nem mal, o que se pode esperar de infantes que ainda "bebem" dos ensinamentos da família? A intolerância, tout court.
Ainda hoje vejo nos meus condiscípulos (ainda se usa?) do Liceu as críticas para com aqueles que andaram juntos dos 10 aos 17 anos.
A insegurança e a inveja fazem parte do genoma humano.
Abraço